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lock-picking, fake identification, getting revenge and committing
against Faurisson in 1978 by several antiracist associations
murder. In 1984 (sic) The Hoax of the 20th Century, by Professor
ended with a decision by the Paris Court of Appeals on April
Arthur R. Butz, the best-known Holocaust denial book, was
26, 1983, which recognized the seriousness of Faurisson s
placed on the list at the behest of B nai B rith Canada s League
work  which is quite outrageous  and finally found him
for Human Rights (sic!). Citing the Customs ban as legal justifi-
guilty only of having acted malevolently by summarizing his
cation, officers of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police seized
theses as slogans. Germany has experimented with legisla-
copies of the book from the library of the University of Calgary.47
tion specifically aimed at deniers of the genocide. Judging
Perhaps the RCMP s motto should be changed to  the Mounties
by the quantity of openly or discreetly revisionist publications
always get their book .
in that country, one is hard put to view the effort as very
successful. Perhaps contempt is a more effective weapon.45 In 1985, Ernst Zündel, a German immigrant to Canada and an
openly National Socialist political activist, was prosecuted for
CANADA: THE HOLOCAUST ON TRIAL  knowingly spreading false news under an obscure nineteenth-
century law. Zündel was prosecuted for distributing two pamph-
Among the English-speaking countries, Canada is the one which
lets. One was The West, War and Islam, which argued that an
has moved furthest from a legal framework which guarantees the
alliance of Freemasons, Marxists, bankers and Zionists was plot-
right of the individual to freedom of expression. It is quite extra-
ting to take over the world. The other was Did Six Million Really
ordinary how readily the Canadian authorities introduce laws re-
Die?, which was written under a pseudonym by Richard Verrall, a
stricting freedom of expression and zealously enforce those laws.
prominent member of the (British) National Front. This pamphlet
Ursula Owen, editor of Index on Censorship, has recently written:
had been widely circulated worldwide since the 1970s, and was
[US feminists] Catherine MacKinnon and Andrea Dworkin s
favourably reviewed by the famous author Colin Wilson in the
now famous campaign to outlaw pornography was based on
British literary journal Books and Bookmen on its publication in
their view that pornography is in effect hate speech: it treats
1974. The Zündel trial in effect became a trial of the Holocaust
women as sexual objects and subordinates them in a vile way
itself, with experts from both sides putting arguments for and
to men. Though they did not succeed in persuading the US
against the historicity of the Holocaust. Eventually Zündel was
courts, the Canadian legislature did introduce a severe censor-
acquitted with regard to The War, West and Islam, but convicted
ship law. But the first authors to be banned under the new
with regard to Did Six Million Really Die? and sentenced to 15
Canadian statute were not those the feminists had in mind.
months imprisonment. In 1987 the Ontario Court of Appeal
They were prominent homosexual authors, a radical black
overturned the judgement and ordered a new trial. In 1988 the
feminist accused of stirring up race hatred against white
second Zündel trial took place, and once again experts from both
people and, for a time, Andrea Dworkin herself. Liberals
sides put forward the case for and against the truth of the Holo-
who had warned against the dangers of censorship felt vindi-
caust. During this second trial, the American gas chamber expert
cated.
Fred A. Leuchter, who has designed and constructed execution fa-
Censorship backfires: the biter gets bit. The powerful and cilities for several American states, went to Auschwitz and Majda-
painful paradox of laws against hate speech is that again and nek and wrote a forensic report on the gas chambers there,
again they have been turned against the very people we claiming that they could not have been used for homicidal gass-
would see as the victims of that same hate speech. In Eastern ings. Again Zündel was convicted and imprisoned, this time for
Europe and the former Soviet Union, laws against defamation nine months, and again he appealed, and was released after a few
and insult were used to persecute critics of the Communist days. In 1992, in a significant victory for freedom of expression,
regimes. In Turkey the law was used against Ismail Besiki, the Canadian Supreme Court threw out Zündel s conviction when
Turkish scholar, for his writings on the human rights abuses it ruled that the law under which he had been prosecuted was too
against the country s Kurdish population. The South African vague and possibly restricted legitimate forms of speech.48
laws against racial hatred under apartheid were used syste-
However, Zündel is currently on trial before the Canadian Human
matically against the victims of the state s racist policies.
Rights Commission (sic) for allegedly creating and maintaining an
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